Carotenes are a class of pigments found in plants, responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors in many fruits and vegetables. They are tetraterpenoids, consisting of 40 carbon atoms and are precursors to vitamin A. Carotenes play a significant role in photosynthesis by capturing light energy and protecting plant cells from oxidative damage. In human nutrition, they are important antioxidants and contribute to the health of skin and eyes. Common sources include carrots, sweet potatoes, and spinach. Carotenes are fat-soluble, enhancing their absorption when consumed with dietary fats.