Charantin is a hypoglycemic phytoconstituent isolated from the fruit of Momordica charantia (bitter melon). It consists of a mixture of two steroidal saponins: β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside and 5,22-stigmastadien-3β-ol-3-O-β-D-glucoside. Used in traditional medicine for diabetes management, it exhibits insulin-mimetic activity and may enhance glucose uptake. As a lipophilic steroid glycoside, it shows limited aqueous solubility but dissolves in organic solvents. Research indicates potential antihyperglycemic effects in animal models, though human clinical data remain limited. It is not a single pure compound but a defined mixture from plant extraction.