Minerals such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium are essential inorganic elements vital for human physiology and commonly present in foods and spices. Potassium regulates fluid balance, nerve signals, and muscle contractions. Calcium is critical for bone structure, blood clotting, and cellular signaling. Magnesium supports over 300 enzymatic reactions, including energy metabolism and protein synthesis. These minerals occur as ions or salts in dietary sources and are highly bioavailable. They influence food properties like texture, pH, and flavor but lack a unified molecular structure as they are elemental ions rather than organic compounds. In nutrition, they are obtained from vegetables, dairy, nuts, and fortified foods, with recommended daily intakes established by health authorities.