Potassium benzoate is the potassium salt of benzoic acid, widely used as a food preservative due to its antimicrobial properties against bacteria, yeasts, and molds. It functions by inhibiting microbial enzymes and is particularly effective in acidic environments (pH < 4.5). Commonly added to beverages, condiments, and processed foods, it is recognized as GRAS by the FDA. Chemically stable under normal conditions, it appears as a white crystalline powder. In solution, it dissociates into potassium ions and benzoate, which can form benzoic acid in low pH. It is preferred over sodium benzoate in low-sodium diets. Research confirms its efficacy and safety at approved levels (up to 0.1% in foods).