ar-Turmerone is a major sesquiterpene ketone constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa) essential oil, contributing to its characteristic aroma and flavor. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and potential neuroprotective properties, with research indicating benefits in modulating oxidative stress and supporting cognitive health. As a lipophilic compound, it is readily absorbed in fatty matrices and is studied for its role in the bioactivity of turmeric beyond curcuminoids. It occurs naturally in the rhizome and is extracted via steam distillation or solvent methods for use in food flavoring and traditional medicine applications.